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A
dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations. A dynasty is also often called a "Royal House", e.g. the
House of Saud or
House of Habsburg. In the histories of
Europe, much of Asia and some of
Africa, royal house and
nobility houses have usually been patrilineality; inheritance and
kinship being predominantly viewed and legally calculated through descent from a common ancestor in the male line. Often, however, if the male lineage died out, descendants through females (and sometimes the females themselves) were recognized as entitled to inherit the dynasty's
realms and/or wealth.
The term "dynasty" is also used to describe the
era during which a family
reigned, as well as events, trends and artifacts of that period, e.g. "
Ming Dynasty dynasty vase". In such cases, often the "dynasty" is dropped but the name may be used adjectively, e.g. "Tudor Style architecture", "Ottoman Dynasty expansion", "Romanov decadence".Historians traditionally consider a state's history within a framework of successive dynasties, particularly with such nations as China,
Ancient Egypt and the
Persian Empire. Much of European political history was dominated, successively and together, by dynasties such as the Carolingians, the Capetian dynasty, the Habsburgs, the House of Stuarts, the
Hohenzollerns and the
Romanovs. Until the nineteenth century, it was taken for granted that a legitimate function of a monarch was to aggrandize his dynasty, that is, to increase the territory, wealth and power of family members.
Dynastic names may not be the same as individual surnames, in that titles are customarily used instead. Or the name of the dynasty may follow the throne by descending through females, e.g. the current heads of the dynasties of
House of Grimaldi, Habsburg,
House of Orange-Nassau and Romanov actually descend paternally from, respectively, the houses of Polignac, Duchy of Lorraine, Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld and House of Oldenburg. Also, often a new dynastic name does not signal an altogether different family, so much as a new branch of the dynasty that has obtained the throne: kings of the House of Anjou,
House of Bourbon,
House of Valois and House of Burgundy dynasties were all male-line descendants of Hugh Capet of France and are collectively called
Capetian dynasty. Thus, by a letters patent of 1960 the British ruling dynasty remains the House of Windsor, despite the present Queen having married Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who is by birth a prince of the reigning Danish dynasty of
Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, itself a branch of the
House of Oldenburg, of which the Romanovs descended from
Peter III were also agnatic descendants.
Dynasties may change due to war, but also when a king fails to produce an heir, sometimes resulting in a maternal relative's succession. The dynasty usually then takes the name of that successor's paternal family name.
Dynasts
A ruler in a dynasty is sometimes referred to as a
dynast, but this term is also used to describe any member of a reigning family who retains
order of succession rights to a throne. For example, following his abdication, Edward VIII of the United Kingdom ceased to be a
dynastic member of the
House of Windsor.
A "dynastic
marriage" is one that complies with monarchical house law restrictions, so that the descendants are eligible to inherit the throne and/or other monarchy privileges. For instance, the 2002 marriage of
Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange to
Máxima Zorreguieta was dynastic, and their
Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands is expected to eventually inherit the
Netherlands crown. But the marriage of his younger brother Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau to
Mabel Wisse Smit in 2003 lacked government support and
parliamentary approval. Thus Friso forfeited his place in the order of succession, lost his title as a
Prince of the Netherlands, and his children have no dynastic rights.
In historical and
monarchy references to formerly reigning families,
dynastic describes a family member who would have succession rights if the monarchy's rules were still in force. For example, after the 1914 assassinations of
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his
morganatic marriage wife
Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, their son
Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg was bypassed for the Austrian throne because he was not legally a dynastic
Habsburg. Even since abolition of the Austrian monarchy, Max and his descendants have not been considered the rightful pretenders by Austrian monarchists, nor have they claimed that position.
Confusingly, "dynast" is sometimes used to refer to patrilineality descendants of a realm's monarchs, and sometimes to those who hold succession rights through matrilineality royal descent. The term can therefore describe overlapping but distinct sets of people. For example,
David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley, a nephew of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom through her late sister, Princess Margaret of the United Kingdom, is in the line of succession to the British crown, and in that sense is a British dynast. Yet he is not a patrilineality member of the
royal family, and is therefore not a dynast of the House of Windsor.
On the other hand, the German aristocracy
Ernst August V, Prince of Hanover (born 1954), although a male-line descendant of George III of the United Kingdom, is too distantly related to the present sovereign to be entitled to one of the
style (manner of address)s reserved for Britain's royal family (although he is entitled to re-claim the once-
duke#royal dukes of Duke of Cumberland). Yet he was born in the order of succession to the British crown and is bound by the Royal Marriages Act 1772. Thus, in 1999 he requested and obtained formal permission from Elizabeth II to marry
Caroline, Princess of Hanover. But immediately upon marriage he forfeited his (remote) claim to the British throne because she is a
Roman Catholic Church and Ernst August is also bound by the English Act of Settlement 1701 which permanently deprives dynasts of succession rights upon marriage to a Roman Catholic. However, the couple's daughter, Princess Alexandra of Hanover (born 1999), remains a legal dynast of both the United Kingdom and Monaco, not to mention her father's claim to dynasticity as
pretender to the former royal crown of
Hanover (state).
Dynasties by region
Africa
Egypt
Ethiopia
Morocco
Americas
Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia
- Orelie-Antoine de Tounens (1860 – 1862)
Brazil
Haiti
Inca Empire
- Sapa Inca (1197 - c.1350)
- Sapa Inca (c.1350 - 1572)
Mexico
Pacific
Hawai'i
New Zealand Māori
Tahiti
Tonga
- Tu'i Tonga (c. 900-1865)
- List of monarchs of Tonga (1875 to the present)
Asia
Afghanistan
Israel
China
Japan
- Imperial House of Japan (officially 660 BC to the present)
Korea
India
Maldives
- House of Theemuge (1117-1388)
- Hilaalee dynasty (1388-1558)
- (1558-1573) Interregnum
- Utheemu dynasty (1573-1692)
- (1692-1701) Kings who do not belong to a particular dynasty.
- Isdhoo dynasty (1701-1704)
- Dhiyamigili dynasty (1704-1757)
- Huraa dynasty (1757-1766)
- Dhiyamigili dynasty (1766-1773)
- Huraa dynasty (1773-1953)
- (1953-1953) Republic (President Muhammad Amin Didi).
- Huraa dynasty (1953-1968)
- (1968-1978) Republic (President Ibrahim Nasir).
- (1978-Now) Republic (President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom).
Malaysia
- White Rajahs (1841 to 1946)
Saudi Arabia
Thailand
Europe
Albania
Armenia
Barbarians
Bavarii
Franks
Lombards
See Early kings of the Lombards.
Ostrogoths
- Amal Dynasty (before 474-536)
Vandals
Visigoths
Byzantine Empire
Croatia
Denmark
England
The next house after Queen
Elizabeth II death will be the House of
Mountbatten-Windsor
France
Georgia (country)
- Pharnabazid Dynasty (299-90 BC, 30BC-189 AD)
- Artaxiad Dynasty of Iberia (90-30 BC)
- Arsacid Dynasty of Iberia (189-284 AD)
- Chosroid Dynasty (284-580, 627-684)
- Guaramid Dynasty (588-627, 684-748, 779-786)
- Nersianid Dynasty (748-780)
- Bagrationi Dynasty (813-1810)
Germany
Bavaria
Saxony
Hungary
Montenegro
- House of Vojislavljević (c. 7th century - 1186)
- House of Nemanjić (1186 - 1355)
- House of Balšić (1356 - 1435)
- House of Crnojević (1435 - 1516)
- House of Petrović (1696 - 1918)
Iberian Peninsula
Aragón
Asturias
- Peláyez Dynasty (718-739)
- Pérez Dynasty (739-925)
Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León
Navarre
Portugal
Spain
Ireland
Italy
Norway
Turkey
Poland
Roman Empire
Romania
Russia
Scotland
Sweden
Two Sicilies
Sicily
Dynasty is a line of rulers from the same family.
Political families
Main article: Political families of the worldThough in elected governments rule does not pass automatically by inheritance, political power often accrues to generations of related individuals. Eminence,
Influence, familiarity, tradition, genetics, and even
nepotism may contribute to this phenomenon.
Some political dynasties:
References
A
dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations. A dynasty is also often called a "Royal House", e.g. the
House of Saud or
House of Habsburg. In the histories of Europe, much of
Asia and some of
Africa, royal house and nobility houses have usually been
patrilineality;
inheritance and
kinship being predominantly viewed and legally calculated through descent from a common ancestor in the male line. Often, however, if the male lineage died out, descendants through females (and sometimes the females themselves) were recognized as entitled to inherit the dynasty's realms and/or wealth.
The term "dynasty" is also used to describe the
era during which a family reigned, as well as events, trends and artifacts of that period, e.g. "Ming Dynasty dynasty vase". In such cases, often the "dynasty" is dropped but the name may be used adjectively, e.g. "Tudor Style architecture", "
Ottoman Dynasty expansion", "
Romanov decadence".Historians traditionally consider a state's history within a framework of successive dynasties, particularly with such nations as China,
Ancient Egypt and the
Persian Empire. Much of European political history was dominated, successively and together, by dynasties such as the Carolingians, the
Capetian dynasty, the Habsburgs, the
House of Stuarts, the
Hohenzollerns and the Romanovs. Until the nineteenth century, it was taken for granted that a legitimate function of a
monarch was to aggrandize his dynasty, that is, to increase the territory, wealth and power of family members.
Dynastic names may not be the same as individual surnames, in that titles are customarily used instead. Or the name of the dynasty may follow the throne by descending through females, e.g. the current heads of the dynasties of
House of Grimaldi, Habsburg,
House of Orange-Nassau and Romanov actually descend paternally from, respectively, the houses of Polignac, Duchy of Lorraine,
Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld and
House of Oldenburg. Also, often a new dynastic name does not signal an altogether different family, so much as a new branch of the dynasty that has obtained the throne: kings of the
House of Anjou,
House of Bourbon, House of Valois and
House of Burgundy dynasties were all male-line descendants of
Hugh Capet of France and are collectively called Capetian dynasty. Thus, by a
letters patent of 1960 the British ruling dynasty remains the House of Windsor, despite the present Queen having married
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who is by birth a prince of the reigning Danish dynasty of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, itself a branch of the House of Oldenburg, of which the Romanovs descended from Peter III were also agnatic descendants.
Dynasties may change due to war, but also when a king fails to produce an heir, sometimes resulting in a maternal relative's succession. The dynasty usually then takes the name of that successor's paternal family name.
Dynasts
A ruler in a dynasty is sometimes referred to as a
dynast, but this term is also used to describe any member of a reigning family who retains order of succession rights to a throne. For example, following his abdication,
Edward VIII of the United Kingdom ceased to be a
dynastic member of the House of Windsor.
A "dynastic marriage" is one that complies with monarchical
house law restrictions, so that the descendants are eligible to inherit the throne and/or other monarchy privileges. For instance, the 2002 marriage of
Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange to Máxima Zorreguieta was dynastic, and their
Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands is expected to eventually inherit the
Netherlands crown. But the marriage of his younger brother
Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau to Mabel Wisse Smit in 2003 lacked government support and parliamentary approval. Thus Friso forfeited his place in the
order of succession, lost his title as a
Prince of the Netherlands, and his children have no dynastic rights.
In historical and monarchy references to formerly reigning families,
dynastic describes a family member who would have succession rights if the monarchy's rules were still in force. For example, after the 1914 assassinations of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his
morganatic marriage wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, their son
Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg was bypassed for the Austrian throne because he was not legally a dynastic Habsburg. Even since abolition of the Austrian monarchy, Max and his descendants have not been considered the rightful
pretenders by Austrian monarchists, nor have they claimed that position.
Confusingly, "dynast" is sometimes used to refer to
patrilineality descendants of a
realm's monarchs, and sometimes to those who hold succession rights through
matrilineality royal descent. The term can therefore describe overlapping but distinct sets of people. For example, David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley, a nephew of
Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom through her late sister, Princess Margaret of the United Kingdom, is in the line of succession to the British crown, and in that sense is a British dynast. Yet he is not a patrilineality member of the royal family, and is therefore not a dynast of the House of Windsor.
On the other hand, the German
aristocracy Ernst August V, Prince of Hanover (born 1954), although a male-line descendant of George III of the United Kingdom, is too distantly related to the present sovereign to be entitled to one of the style (manner of address)s reserved for Britain's royal family (although he is entitled to re-claim the once-duke#royal dukes of Duke of Cumberland). Yet he was born in the
order of succession to the British crown and is bound by the
Royal Marriages Act 1772. Thus, in 1999 he requested and obtained formal permission from Elizabeth II to marry
Caroline, Princess of Hanover. But immediately upon marriage he forfeited his (remote) claim to the British throne because she is a
Roman Catholic Church and Ernst August is also bound by the English Act of Settlement 1701 which permanently deprives dynasts of succession rights upon marriage to a Roman Catholic. However, the couple's daughter, Princess Alexandra of Hanover (born 1999), remains a legal dynast of both the United Kingdom and Monaco, not to mention her father's claim to dynasticity as
pretender to the former royal crown of
Hanover (state).
Dynasties by region
Africa
Egypt
Ethiopia
Morocco
Americas
Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia
Brazil
- House of Braganza (1822-1889)
Haiti
Inca Empire
- Sapa Inca (1197 - c.1350)
- Sapa Inca (c.1350 - 1572)
Mexico
- Agustín I of Mexico (1822 - 1823)
- House of Habsburg (1864 - 1867)
Pacific
Hawai'i
New Zealand Māori
Tahiti
Tonga
Asia
Afghanistan
Israel
China
Japan
Korea
India
- Chalukya dynasty 6th Century to 12th Century
- Chola dynasty 11th Century
Maldives
Malaysia
Saudi Arabia
Thailand
Europe
Albania
Armenia
- Orontid Dynasty
- Artaxiad Dynasty or the Artashesi Dynasty (189 BC-12 AD)
- Arsacid Dynasty or the Arshakuni Dynasty (54-428)
- Bagratuni Dynasty or the Bagratid Dynasty of Armenia (885-1045)
- Rubenid Dynasty of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1080-1225)
Barbarians
Bavarii
Franks
- Merovingian Dynasty (481-751)
- Carolingian Dynasty (751-843)
- Arnulfings or Pippinids, List of Mayors of the Palaces
Lombards
See Early kings of the Lombards.
- Lething Dynasty (until early sixth century)
- Gausian Dynasty (546-572)
- Bavarian Dynasty (616-712)
Ostrogoths
Vandals
Visigoths
Byzantine Empire
Croatia
Denmark
England
The next house after Queen
Elizabeth II death will be the House of Mountbatten-Windsor
France
Georgia (country)
Germany
Bavaria
Saxony
Hungary
Montenegro
Iberian Peninsula
Aragón
Asturias
Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León
Navarre
- House of Íñiguez (824-905)
- Jiménez Dynasty (905-1234)
- House of Champagne (1234-1305)
- House of Capet (1284-1349)
- House of Évreux (1328-1441)
- Trastámara (1425-1479)
- House of Foix (1479-1516)
- House of Albret (1483-1572)
- House of Bourbon (1572-1620)
Portugal
- House of Burgundy or Afonsine Dynasty (1093-1383), counts until 1139
- House of Aviz or Joannine Dynasty (1385-1580)
- Habsburg or Philippine Dynasty (1580-1640)
- House of Braganza or Brigantine Dynasty (1640-1910)
- House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha or House of Braganza-Wettin (1853-1910)
Spain
Ireland
Italy
Norway
Turkey
- Seljuq Dynasty (1077-1307)
- Ottoman Dynasty (1281-1923)
Poland
Roman Empire
Romania
- Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1866-1947)
Russia
Scotland
Sweden
Two Sicilies
Sicily
Dynasty is a line of rulers from the same family.
Political families
Main article: Political families of the worldThough in elected governments rule does not pass automatically by inheritance, political power often accrues to generations of related individuals. Eminence, Influence, familiarity, tradition,
genetics, and even nepotism may contribute to this phenomenon.
Some political dynasties:
References
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Dynasty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations. A dynasty is also often called a "house", e.g. the House of Saud or House of Habsburg.
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